This is a Resurrection Fern. These ferns are epiphytes or air plants. They grow on the bark of large trees. They get their nutrients and water from rain, wind, and any organic material that sticks to the tree's bark. They are adapted to live in areas where there are long, dry periods. During dry weather, the leaves curl, and the plant goes dormant. In this dormant state, they can survive for a very long time without water. One source suggested that they could live as long as 100 years, and still be revived by a single rainstorm.

This is what they look like after a rain.